How to build a skyscraper in New York
Such a miracle as a skyscraper, would not have been possible without the invention of steel frame. Assembling the steel frame - the most dangerous and difficult part of construction. It is the quality and speed of assembly frame determines whether the project is implemented on time and within budget.
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That's why riveters - camaya important profession in the construction of a skyscraper.
Riveters - a caste with its own laws: the salary riveter working day $ 15, more than any skilled worker on a construction site, they do not go to work in the rain, wind or fog, they are not registered in the state contractor. They are not loners, they work teams of four people and is one of the teams could not go to work, does not leave anyone. Why, in the midst of the Great Depression look at it through my fingers all the investor to the superintendent?
On a platform of planks, or simply to steel beams is the coal stove. In the furnace, rivet - 10santimetrovye long and 3 centimeter diameter steel cylinders. "Cook", "cooking" rivets - small bellows into the furnace is driving the air to warm them up to the desired temperature. Rivet warmed (not too much - in the hole and provernetsya have its drill, and not too little - not saw off), you now need to pass the rivet where it will anchor the beam. What will be fixed when the beam is only known previously, and move the hot stove during the day impossible. So often the place of attachment is a "cook" in 30ti meters (thirty), and sometimes higher, sometimes lower on 2-3 floors.
Send a rivet can be only one way - to give up.
"Cook" turns to "keeper" and silently, making sure the goalie is ready to receive, tongs throws a red-hot 600grammovuyu disc in his direction. Sometimes, the trajectory already welded beam throw to once, just and strong.
"goalie" stands on a narrow platform, or just the bare ravine near the site of riveting. His goal - to catch a flying piece of metal tin ordinary tin can. He can not move, lest he fall. But he must catch the rivet, otherwise it is a small bomb will fall on the city.
"Shooter" and "stop" waiting. "Goalkeeper", catching rivet driving it into the hole. "Focus" on the outside of the building, hanging over the precipice, steel rod and its own weight keeps the hat rivets. "Shooter" 15-pound pneumatic hammer for a minute clench her other hand.
The best team is doing is the focus of more than 500 times per day, average - about 250ti.
"Cook" turns to "keeper" and silently, making sure the goalie is ready to receive, tongs throws a red-hot 600grammovuyu disc in his direction. Sometimes, the trajectory already welded beam throw to once, just and strong.
"goalie" stands on a narrow platform, or just the bare ravine near the site of riveting. His goal - to catch a flying piece of metal tin ordinary tin can. He can not move, lest he fall. But he must catch the rivet, otherwise it is a small bomb will fall on the city.
"Shooter" and "stop" waiting. "Goalkeeper", catching rivet driving it into the hole. "Focus" on the outside of the building, hanging over the precipice, steel rod and its own weight keeps the hat rivets. "Shooter" 15-pound pneumatic hammer for a minute clench her other hand.
The best team is doing is the focus of more than 500 times per day, average - about 250ti.
The danger of this work is illustrated by the following fact: the masons on the construction site shall be insured at a rate of 6% of salary, carpenters - 4% . riveter rate - 25-30%%.
At Chrysler building killed one person.
On the Wall-Street-40, four have died.
At Empire State - five of them.
skyscraper skeleton consists of hundreds of steel structures several meters long and weighing several tons, so-called beams. Keep them in the construction of a skyscraper nowhere - no one will organize a warehouse in the city center in a densely built-up on municipal land. Moreover, all elements of design are different, each can be used in a single place, so an attempt to make even a temporary storage For example, one of the last constructed floors can lead to great confusion and disruption of construction time.
That's why when I wrote that the work riveters most important and most difficult, I did not mention that it is also the most dangerous and difficult. Work harder and more dangerous than they have - the crane work crews.
Order beams has been agreed with steelmakers for a few weeks ago, trucks take them to the construction site to the minute, regardless of the weather they need to unload immediately.
The only guideline for management - a bell served as an apprentice at a signal brigade, located along with the entire team dozen floors above. Beat - includes motor hoist, blow - off.Nearby are several teams with their hammers, riveters (you ever heard the noise a jackhammer?), The other crane lifted the commands of their bells, other channels. Make a mistake and did not hear the kick can not - or rammed channel boom crane, or throw a set of vertical beams installers preparing to fix it.
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